Melissa Anne Rosenberg (born August 28, 1962) is an American screenwriter. She has worked in both film and television and has been nominated for two Emmy Awards, and two Writers Guild of America Awards. She won a Peabody Award. Since joining the Writers Guild of America, she has been involved in its Board of Directors and was a strike captain during the 2007–2008 Writers Guild of America strike. She supports female screenwriters through the WGA Diversity Committee and co-founded the League of Hollywood Women Writers.

She majored in Dance and Theatre at Bennington College in Vermont, but she later graduated from the University of Southern California with a Master's Degree in Film and Television Producing.

She worked on several television series between 1993 and 2003 before joining The O.C.'s writing staff, eventually leaving the show to write the 2006 film Step Up. From 2006 to 2009, she served as the head writer of the Showtime series Dexter, rising to executive producer by the time that she departed at the end of the fourth season. She wrote her second produced screenplay, a film adaptation of Stephenie Meyer's novel Twilight in 2007 and has since adapted the novel's two sequels, New Moon and Eclipse. Rosenberg will also be adapting Breaking Dawn.

She is married to television director Lev L. Spiro, and they live in Los Angeles.